Gasoline Essay Research Paper Why are we free essay sample

Gas Essay, Research Paper For what reason would we say we are paying such a great amount for gasolene? On the off chance that you asylum? T saw you should non drive, yet at that spot has been an extreme expansion in gas money related qualities in the past twelvemonth and a half. It appeared to be comparable only the other twenty-four hours when I was at the service station and I said? Would i be able to gain 20 dollars on siphon 3 please? ? what's more, that would vouch a full defensively covered battle vehicle of gas. Be that as it may, those were past yearss when gasolene was a low, low, low money related worth of.99 pennies per gallon. 20 dollars has my gage making for the midway evaluation on the gas meter. These days it takes double that cash to secure a full heavily clad battle vehicle. We will compose a custom paper test on Gas Essay Research Paper Why are we or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Any individual who drives a SUV has it the most exceedingly terrible everything being equal. SUV? s have some the biggest defensively covered battle vehicles and secure the most exceedingly terrible milage. The last clasp I went to the siphon it cost me 40 dollars to make full up my defensively covered battle vehicle. That separates to about $ 2 a gallon. That? s me giving an entire twenty-four hours? s worth of work toward make fulling up my gas protected battle vehicle. Who is to blame for this? The significant culprits behind all these lifting money related qualities are the Big Oil organizations. They concluded non to deliver their standard gasolene stock records because of the significant expenses of harsh oil before Memorial Day of 2000. The expense of harsh oil is $ 34 for every barrel. Which leaves the Midwest fuel advertise very defenseless against give break especially since flexibly in the Midwest is relies generally upon grapevines. In twist, three significant Large Oil grapevine breaks unleash commotion available in light of the lack of gasolene stock records. With the lack of flexibly, welcomed on by conclusions by the Big Oil organizations, gas fiscal qualities soar in the Midwest. Presently, the Big Oil organizations accumulate record total compensation fringes as a result of their ain gracefully confusion. The Big Oil organizations accuse ethanol ( a fuel produced using maize to chop down spreads from the automobiles ) , to conceal their overall gain. Presentl y, guess who is left with paying the money related an incentive at the siphon? ? ? I was perusing the paper and I perused? California gas money related qualities fall? furthermore, it frantic me snicker. What did it tumble to? The mean money related an incentive in Sacramento is $ 1.92 and falling a whole.2 pennies from a month back. Just a twelvemonth back you could hold purchased that equivalent gallon for $ 1.46. The area standard is presently at a $ 1.85 with Lake Tahoe at the highest priority on the rundown at $ 2.10 per gallon and Salinas at the underside at $ 1.86 At the point when the money related qualities are $ 1.20 or underneath I would name that a fall but.2 pennies is only a violation of social norms. At the present time there is just one coherent answer for the activity and that is by using ethanol-mixed fuel. Ethanol is created through a disturbance and distillment methodology that transforms the sugars in the maize into intoxicant. Ethanol uses around 7 for each centum of the U.S. maize reap yearly. It significantly decreases tailpipe spreads, assists with keeping up the agrarian monetary framework, and straight dislodges imported oil. The money related estimation of ethyl liquor is less expensive than leadless gasolene. Since the money related estimation of oil is grinding away? s most elevated while the money related estimation of maize for the use of ethyl liquor is busy? s most reduced. A bushel of maize, which resembles 2.5 or 3 gallons, is equivalent to 1 gallon of gas. Since the 1970? s cars can start up to 10 for each centum ethyl liquor. In the Midwest they utilize 10 for every centum ethyl liquor and the rest of gas. Ethanol is spotless ignition and lessens poisonous transmissions by 22 for every centum and nursery causation gases by 40 for each centum. It is sustainable in light of the fact that we develop more maize each twelvemonth that can be accustomed to deliver more ethyl liquor. Gas can neer be replicated in light of the fact that it originates from oil. It is made in the U.S. from maize in the U.S. so we wear? Ts need to cover with the importation of oils that mostly originate from the Middle East. It is an incredible exchange for is as buyers and helps the husbandmans and the financial framework, and causes us rescue cash by equilibrating the exchange with the Middle East. It improves motor open introduction by expanding the octane in the gas and cleans and forestalls motor sedimentations. It even goes about as radiator fluid for your fuel line. The Big Oil organizations comprehend what they are making and it was a keen move by them. Everybody in the U.S. drives a vehicle and to drive you need gas. You need gas, without it you can? t push. There is no other that you can set inside your heavily clad battle vehicle to do it run so you need to pay the voyaging rate. Since the gas financial qualities have gone up at that spot has been no adjustment in the whole of gas that is being purchased in actuality there are a larger number of individuals buying gas now than prior. Anyway, for what reason would an advertiser privation to bring down the fiscal estimation of their product if individuals will pay for it no issue what the ticket says? The financial estimations of gas may slip however neer? fall. ? The Big Oil organizations will go on what they are making for each piece long as we pay the fiscal worth. In the event that you wear? Ts like the gas money related qualities you better stock up on places and get down strolling in lig ht of the fact that they aren? T voyaging wherever yet up. 317

Catcher in the Rye Essay Example for Free

Catcher in the Rye Essay Holden, the primary character of the book Catcher in the Rye by J.D Salinger, needed to confront numerous contentions during the story. These contentions interface with him either by auxiliary character or without anyone else. Not exclusively do this contentions influence Holden, however in the event that influences the individuals around him too. Holden’s mentality became negative as a result of the considerable number of contentions he confronted. â€Å"The first thing you’ll presumably ask is the place I was conceived and how my lousy adolescence was like†. During his youth, he was distant from everyone else with no dear companions or family. This influenced him since he felt rejected from the general public. It likewise caused him to feel like he didn’t have any help with the goal that caused him to go to the city without anyone else and stumble into difficulty. He didn’t get any help from anybody so he wasn’t determined what wasn't right and what was correct, that was the reason he smoked and drank. Likewise since he didn’t have a family who bolstered him so he never paid attention to the school. He was kicked out of four schools on account of his awful evaluations. (Proof found in Pg. 1) â€Å"I rested in the carport the night he kicked the bucket, and I broke all the goddam windows with my clench hand, only for the damnation of it†. Partners demise influenced him intellectually. It made him extremely pitiful right now yet after a period it made him forceful and against social. (Proof found in Chapter 5) He censured everybody. He considers everybody a fake. Thinks others are devotees and are just deceiving themselves. So he needs to oppose the general public in light of the fact that they’re making everybody a fake. This mentality made him see everybody bad which made it hard for him to make companions. (Proof discovered everywhere throughout the book) He has a Self versus Self fight all through the entire book. He needs to be a similar individual however he doesn’t acknowledge he’s evolving. He loves the exhibition hall since it never shows signs of change. One piece of him needs to be a grown-up (he beverages and smokes and consistently considers sex) while to other piece of him rejects it rejects it as a fake. So as should be obvious, every one of these contentions prompted his terrible, negative mentality. He got forceful, rebel, and barred. It likewise made him tricky and difficult to comprehend. The contentions executed some mental issues on Holden by making him increment his enthusiasm for liquor and medications.

buy custom Ambulatory Care essay

purchase custom Ambulatory Care paper Mobile consideration is a clinical consideration which is given on an outpatient case. Some clinical diseases don't require the patient to be admitted to the emergency clinic. They can be restored while one is at home. These may incorporate; when one need to have a blood test, x-beams and numerous others. Network wellbeing focuses are the centers which are situated inside a network where the outpatients get their treatment from. Correlative and elective medications are the meds utilized that are not up to the standard of a certified specialist or attendants. Elective medications allude to the treatment one get from a non qualified specialist. Integral prescriptions allude to the treatment one uses alongside that treatment of a certified specialist. Emotional well-being tells the condition of soundness of an individual. Regardless of whether that individual is in a typical prosperity, or not (Hunter 2008). I have picked the articles on the solid strategy, the expense of inability to establish wellbeing changes by Garrett, Buettgens, Doan in March 2010. The other article is the way the National social insurance will influence various states a report by RAND Corporation in April 2011. In the expense of inability to establish wellbeing changes articles, they are talking about the quantity of uninsured individuals in America will go up in five years to come. They are additionally discussing the quantity of the poor who spend on the states medicinal services projects will be twofold continuously 2020, if there will be no significant changes in accordance with the ongoing social insurance technique. There is a gathering which did an exploration, and assessed the progressions detailing examples and medicinal services costs that will happen broadly from 2010-2020, if significant changes are not done. The creator gives an assortment of scenes to assess the result. He says that in the most dreadful case by 2015, there will be a large number of individuals who will be uninsured. The number will have expanded by 2020. What other place, tere were less individuals who were not safeguarded in 2010. He includes that the center individuals will bear torment most without the alterations on the grounds that the quantity of individuals without the wellbeing inclusion is going up. Representatives from the little scope firms can't get guaranteed in light of the fact that the little firms are going down not offering protection in their organizations and by 2020 there will be less little firms or none who will offer the protection. Also, the businesses who will be adding to the medical coverage will lay the weight to the representatives in this manner making them to contribute a portion of their cash in order to provide food for the wellbeing administrations along these lines; their consumption will be exceptionally high by 2020. The record presents the outcomes on crafted by the uninsured individuals by 2020 without the alterations, giving wellbeing compensation by businesses, and the expansion of assessments. There was a battle by RWJF to help for inclusion of wellbeing for all residents of the United States (Garrett Buettgens, 2010). On the other article about on how the National social insurance will influence various states, the RAND Corporation gave out the outcomes which the national medicinal services changes will have on specific states, speculating the expanded expenses , and inclusion that are assessed in five distinct states when the progressions are completely actualized by 2016. Among all the states determined; California, Montana, Connecticut, Texas, and Illinois, the quantity of uninsured individuals decreases definitely under wellbeing changes. The state news estimated the consequences of the primary treatment state of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act on everything about five states. They additionally incorporates approximates of where the residents will get spread, and how it will modify state use. As they plan for the numerous necessities of human services transforms, they ought to likewise foresee on what is in store. The creator approximated how the wellbeing coverr improvement approaches affected the quantity of state occupants who got or changed wellsprings of medical coverage. The changes they did in private, and open area use, and the plans they had. They set up out that enormous number of the youngsters will choose to purchase the spread through protection associations being set up in each state to support each and everybody to obtain wellbeing inclusion. These approximations are to help on determination of the policymakers and authorities to anticipate the decisions that will most likely be wanted by insurance agencies, governments, just as people a scope of necessities of wellbeing upgrades are executed (RAND Corporation, 2011). On my own point of view, the results given by the writers on every article are probably going to occur if serious measures are not taken. On the expense of inability to institute wellbeing changes article, the little firms should ensure that they have a protection spread for wellbeing for every single specialist in their organizations. The crusade ought to likewise accentuate on each resident of America to have wellbeing inclusion so it will cost them less in the event that they become ill. On the other article, it tells how the five states will profit when the wellbeing changes are actualized, and how every individual will profit. Wellbeing approaches are the strategies, choices, and procedures that are taken so as to achieve specific social insurance goals inside the people.(Hunter 2008). On the off chance that these data about how every resident ought to be guaranteed, and how these wellbeing changes can be executed can be utilized by those policymakers, they should state that it ought to be obligatory for each other resident to be safeguarded. They ought to likewise ensure that this wellbeing changes are executed and in doing so every other individual would be sheltered on the off chance that he falls wiped out in light of the fact that it will be more affordable for him to be dealt with, and he would get the best treatment. Purchase custom Ambulatory Care article

Determining Operating Systems Essay Example for Free

Deciding Operating Systems Essay This paper will portray how Barnes Noble (BN) utilizes a working framework and programming applications to enable the organization to arrive at its destinations (see index A). This paper will likewise portray the elements of PC equipment parts utilized in the association and how they help BN in accomplishing its objectives. Barnes Noble’s objective is to be the â€Å"World’s Largest Bookstore,† and it is. BN’s working frameworks and programming applications have likewise helped Barnes Noble â€Å"offer the biggest in-stock choice of in-print book titles with access to around one million titles for quick delivery† (Barnes Noble, Inc. , 2012). Also, Barnes Noble has the world’s biggest eBookstore which has joined forces with Microsoft to offer a wide determination of school reading material. Pretty much every association or business profits by a dependable database. â€Å"Databases are a complete assortment of related information sorted out for advantageous access for the most part in a computer† (Dictionary.com, 2014). Until 2004, Barnes Noble utilized an Oracle working framework. The Oracle System database had the option to hold the entirety of the stock insights BN required, however the data was hard to information and concentrate. So as to get to deals information and stock, the stores needed to suspend all business activities and shut down once every week for four hours. Data Technology experts or developers were required to deliver reports, which made extra and pointless work force costs. Barnes Noble required another database framework to store and monitor basic information; and, another database the executives framework to make the information valuable. In 2005, Barnes Noble took part in a joint undertaking with Microsoft to make another information distri bution center. They utilized the Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition working framework to run the Microsoft SQL Server 2000. Barnes Noble’s databases incorporate client data, for example, book class likes/disdains, buy history, and individual data, for example, strategies for installment and contact data. Another capacity of BN’s database is to keep up stock insights, a record of top of the line books, costs, and request data. A third part of BN’s database is to record representative and finance information like, compensation every hour, hours worked, days off/get-away, and extra time. Databases are basic for the accomplishment of Barnes Noble, yet the crude information in the databases isn't exceptionally helpful all alone. Consequently, BN utilizes a database the board framework (DBMS). â€Å"A DBMS is a program used to make, process, and direct a database† (Kroenke, 2013, p. 113). Barnes Noble required a DBMS that could without much of a stretch make re ports, so administrators had quick access to deals insights, stock, and enrollment data. They could then utilize this promptly accessible data to target client socioeconomics or advance occasional deals occasions. Because of its interest with Microsoft, Barnes Noble uses a DBMS called, â€Å"Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Integration Services† (Microsoft, 2005). â€Å"Structured Query Language (SQL) is a worldwide standard language for preparing a database† (Kroenke, 2013, p. 114) that the entirety of the most widely recognized DBMS’s use. Microsoft’s SQL Server empowers BN to oversee basic data and run applications that might be unreasonably mind boggling for different projects. SQL Server likewise gives devices, highlights, and usefulness to build great and creative extraction, change, and stacking (ETL) applications that are utilized to transfer a large number of columns of information. This DBMS incorporates database organization that can be utilized to set up a security framework including client accounts, passwords, authorizations, and cutoff points for preparing the database. Online Analytical Processing Cubes (OLAP) is one of the database applications that Barnes Noble can utilize. The program is basic enough for a great many people to learn, and it is a moderately simple methods for making reports and review information dependent on shifting measures without recruiting software engineers for help. Another database application is ‘Litespeed’ by Quest Software. Barnes Noble uses Litespeed for the reinforcement and recuperation of information, which is something each database needs. In spite of the fact that Microsoft’s SQL Server is exorbitant and can have restricted similarity, nearly anybody in the organization can figure out how to utilize it. There are additionally security improvements, implanted detailing and information examination apparatuses that permit BN to pick up greaterâ insight from its business data and accomplish quicker outcomes for an upper hand. Related to its need of databases, Barnes Noble broadly utilizes equipm ent parts for information info, yield, and capacity. Info equipment is any gadget used to gracefully data into a PC, for example, a console, mouse, standardized tag scanner, or show. â€Å"Barnes Noble, Inc. is a bookselling organization. The organization is a substance, trade and innovation organization that gives clients access to books, magazines, papers and other substance over its multi-channel dispersion platform† (Barnes Noble, Inc., 2012). Barnes Noble works in excess of 1,350 book shops over the whole United States, and near 700 book shops on school grounds. Info gadgets at every area permit representatives to enter client data into an individual terminal that is then sent to a focal server for capacity. â€Å"Hardware for the task was a 64-piece HP Integrity Superdome Server outfitted with 20 1.6-gigahertz Intel Itanium 2 processors and 84 gigabytes of RAM† (Microsoft, 2005). â€Å"Output equipment is an electronic or electromechanical gear associated with a PC and used to move information out of the PC as content, pictures, sounds, or other media† (Dictionary.com, 2014). One case of yield equipment utilized at Barnes Noble is a printer for creating reports. Administrators at the organiza tion frequently need â€Å"Current deals information just as recorded data, which could be utilized to get patterns, for example, in occasional or territorial deals. That sort of data could be utilized to shape advancements and promoting campaigns† (Microsoft, 2005). Another significant yield gadget from Barnes Noble is an eReader, named ‘Nook,’ that permits clients to buy and download distributions from BN’s library by means of WiFi. BN’s eCommerce division offers The Nook in a few models and with changing highlights, however was fundamentally intended to give clients an option in contrast to customary types of composed media. Clients can look over a large number of advanced books, periodicals, films, and music. The Nook is additionally ecologically agreeable on the grounds that it spares space and decreases paper squander. Furthermore, Barnes Noble’s eReader offers an illuminated presentation that professes to have â€Å"resolved the main issue couples have in bed †having their rest interfered, or being kept from nodding off, when their accomplice peruses with the light on† (Barnes Noble, Inc., 2012). Taking everything into account, this paper depicted how Barnes Noble uses the Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition working framework to run the Microsoft SQL Server 2000. The HP Integrity Superdome Server is a progressively viable and effective method of capacity, and data from databases is simpler to get to. Presently, â€Å"Because of the quick extraction and stacking of deals and stock information, organization workers and administrators no longer need to hold back to get data that can assist them with making business decisions† (Microsoft, 2005). The database organization security framework likewise viably utilizes account controls to permit clients access to the database of advanced distributions, which has incredibly expanded Barnes Noble’s eCommerce division. References Barnes Noble, Inc. (2012). Barnes Noble Booksellers. Recovered on June 16, 2014 from the Internet. www.barnesandnobleinc.com Dictionary.com, LLC (2014). Word reference. Recovered on June 16, 2014 from the World Wide Web. www.dictionary.reference.com Kroenke, D. (2013). MIS Essentials third ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Microsoft Case Studies (November 11, 2005). Book retailer picks up business bits of knowledge across deals channels with new information distribution center. Recovered on June 16, 2014 from the World Wide Web. www.microsoft.com/casestudies Microsoft Corporation. (2005, October). Microsoft SQL Server 2005 Customer Solution Case Study. Recovered from http://download.microsoft.com//barnes_noble.pdf.

the runaround

the runaround So on Sunday, I turned 20. I am now OLD. Now since I have a summer birthday, I rarely ever have the opportunity to celebrate my birthday with my friends, so clearly since I had the opportunity to do so this year, I definitely did. Celebration Round 1 (Will post pictures from this night as soon as I find my camera cable) So Thursday night, we went to Bettys Wok and Noodle Diner for a birthday dinner. Bettys is right behind Symphony Hall, so if you were to use your free College Card courtesy of [emailprotected], you could grab a bite to eat before the performance begins. After dinner, some of us went to JP Licks for some ice cream. (This summer I have eaten ice cream at least 5 days of every week. I have an addiction.) Round #2 Saturday and Sunday, I celebrated by purchasing things I didnt really need as Massachusetts had a tax-free holiday. Round #3 Sunday night is when one of the more interesting parts of the celebration began. I received an email in my inbox that read: yesterday was someones birthday. today we celebrate. but lets be logicaltheres work to be done first. bryan: youre in charge. if the work isnt done, youre the one in trouble. if however, you cant do it yourself, maybe you wanna ask for help. those asked for help: id get something good out of the deal before you offer your intelligence :) for those who want to join the festivities tonight: 6:30 meet on kresge oval for a picnic 7:00 the first secret is revealed So over the course of the day on Monday, a friend would randomly send me a puzzle to solve that would help me later on during the day for the runaround. I met my friends at 7 pm at Annas Taqueria where the runaround began. After a few hours of running around campus, I finally found my present hidden in a dryer in the Baker laundry room. It was definitely a fun night, and it will probably be my only opportunity ever to participate in a mystery hunt runaround. A few pictures from the runaround: Many thanks to the Godzillas for one of the best birthdays ever. Who are the Godzillas, you ask? Tune in during the month of September, same bat time, same bat channel. Theres just one thing left to do to finish celebrating my birthday, and that is to eat some cake. (Edit: At 10:09 PM on Wednesday the 17th, I ate cake.) That is all for now.

the runaround

the runaround So on Sunday, I turned 20. I am now OLD. Now since I have a summer birthday, I rarely ever have the opportunity to celebrate my birthday with my friends, so clearly since I had the opportunity to do so this year, I definitely did. Celebration Round 1 (Will post pictures from this night as soon as I find my camera cable) So Thursday night, we went to Bettys Wok and Noodle Diner for a birthday dinner. Bettys is right behind Symphony Hall, so if you were to use your free College Card courtesy of [emailprotected], you could grab a bite to eat before the performance begins. After dinner, some of us went to JP Licks for some ice cream. (This summer I have eaten ice cream at least 5 days of every week. I have an addiction.) Round #2 Saturday and Sunday, I celebrated by purchasing things I didnt really need as Massachusetts had a tax-free holiday. Round #3 Sunday night is when one of the more interesting parts of the celebration began. I received an email in my inbox that read: yesterday was someones birthday. today we celebrate. but lets be logicaltheres work to be done first. bryan: youre in charge. if the work isnt done, youre the one in trouble. if however, you cant do it yourself, maybe you wanna ask for help. those asked for help: id get something good out of the deal before you offer your intelligence :) for those who want to join the festivities tonight: 6:30 meet on kresge oval for a picnic 7:00 the first secret is revealed So over the course of the day on Monday, a friend would randomly send me a puzzle to solve that would help me later on during the day for the runaround. I met my friends at 7 pm at Annas Taqueria where the runaround began. After a few hours of running around campus, I finally found my present hidden in a dryer in the Baker laundry room. It was definitely a fun night, and it will probably be my only opportunity ever to participate in a mystery hunt runaround. A few pictures from the runaround: Many thanks to the Godzillas for one of the best birthdays ever. Who are the Godzillas, you ask? Tune in during the month of September, same bat time, same bat channel. Theres just one thing left to do to finish celebrating my birthday, and that is to eat some cake. (Edit: At 10:09 PM on Wednesday the 17th, I ate cake.) That is all for now.

Female Marginalisation Embodied in The Color Purple and The Yellow Wallpaper - Literature Essay Samples

Female marginalisation is a major theme in The Color Purple, with Celie’s emancipation from repressive male patriarchy being the culmination of the plot. When discussing the way narrative method and perspective are used within the novel to address these themes, it is useful to make comparisons and contrasts with a different text. Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s short story The Yellow Wallpaper was written almost a century before The Color Purple but shares similar themes of female repression by men, the major difference being that whilst Celie overcomes her restrainers, the narrator in The Yellow Wallpaper is overwhelmed by them. Both authors tried to express this marginalisation through the form and style of the narrative; not simply through the development of the plot.When looking at narrative method in The Color Purple, we are immediately drawn to the fact that it is written in epistolary form. Novels being made up of a series of letters has historically been a popular st yle with women authors, having been used by some of our earliest women writers including Aphra Behn and Mary Shelley. It offers a female author the chance to express the thoughts and actions of her characters without the medium of an omniscient narrator. This is a very important thing when discussing female marginalisation, as the expected narrative voice of the omniscient narrator (at least before and during the nineteenth century, if not today) would have been expected to represent the prevailing masculine voice of society. By employing the epistolic method of novel writing, the female author is able to freely reject the ‘objective’ male voice of an omniscient narrator, in favour of the subjective voices of the characters. But the text is still considered mainstream and acceptable because it does not openly reject accepted social mores by subverting the objective masculine narrator, or by claiming the superiority of the female narrative voice. Readers expecting the fa miliar masculine narration do not reject a female narrative when in epistolic form because it works within the expected position of women in society, as especially sensitive to the personal and familiar. But one could say that in The Color Purple this convention is used ironically. Walker uses the form traditionally thought of as best suited to female authors and manipulates it in order to portray a character that breaks her bonds to abusive men. Celie starts her letters as an address to a masculine God (although not specifically stated, one assumes the patriarchal biblical god), which shows her total dependence on, and belief in, the superiority of men. The continuation of such a view is evident throughout the beginning and middle of the novel with her refusal to name her husband Albert, instead referring to him as ’Mr______’. Its only after the arrival of Shug Avery and then the discovery of Nettie’s letters, that Celie begins to refer to her husband as Albert ; this occurs as she switches the object of her letters from the father figure of God to her sister, representing a growing awareness of her part within, and solidarity to, the feminine. One of the most successful ways in which The Yellow Wallpaper achieves a true understanding of female marginalisation in late nineteenth century New England is through its use of stream-of-consciousness narration. It isn’t through direct omniscient revelation of desire that we learn of her repression, but through the presentation of her conscious through the medium of her reasoning. These thoughts are still very restrictive and only allude to the male domination that she is being put under; her thoughts being in line with what would be expected of her outward speech: ‘I get so unreasonably angry with John sometimes. I’m sure I never used to be so sensitive. I think it is due to this nervous condition.’ It is possible that Gilman used the stream-of-consciousness method in t his way in order to show that the reason why the narrator has totally broken down by the end of the story is that even in their minds many women have no freedom of thought or expression, but are unconsciously subject to a male orientated and dominant view of themselves.The Color Purple arrives at the opposite conclusion. This is because a fully emancipated (open to debate of course, but in comparison to Gilman there is no doubt Walker can be called emancipated) author gives her character Celie far more freedom of thought than might have been the case for a real person in Celie’s position, as such a person’s thoughts would most likely be far more in accord with those of their social superiors. If Celie did not have this freedom of thought (and expression through her letters) then she may never have gradually freed herself from reliance on men in a healthy manner (as opposed to the freedom born of madness that Gilman’s narrator finds). It could be possible to sugg est that the voice of Celie within the letters is in fact the voice of Alice Walker within the character of Celie; as such a character would be unlikely to express themselves in the way that is presented to us. It is useful to note the portrayal of the social perspectives of the characters in the two texts. They are both faced with female marginalisation, but they are not both from the same social environment. The narrator in The Yellow Wallpaper is suggested (by the description of her lifestyle and her style of language) to be a white middle-class woman, her thoughts and opinion being held secondary to those of white middle-class men. Beyond this single repression there is very little evidence to suggest any other forms of social marginalisation. The case of Celie in The Color Purple is much more complicated; there are a host of different reasons why she is inferior to those around her. Not only is she a black woman in nineteen thirties Georgia (reason enough to feel marginalised), but she was a physically and sexually abused motherless child. Walker presents Celie’s social position by using informal colloquial language in Celie’s letters, through this we immediately learn in the first letter that she is poorly educated (through this we assume financially poor also) and from a black community in the American deep south (although only those that are familiar with the particular geo-social dialect might be able to glean this from the text): ‘But I don’t never git used to it. And now I feels sick every time I be the one to cook. My mama she fuss at me an look at me. She happy, cause he good to her now. But too sick to last long.’ By using such stylised language in the narrative not only do we come to comprehend Celie’s marginalisation through simple understanding of the text, but through the very sound (phonology) and look of it (graphology). Both texts make use of symbols. Obviously, the colour purple is a key symbol in The Color Purple, representing the beauty and love of god in a less than perfect world. There are other symbols within the text, like the making of patchwork quilts and Celie’s career in trouser making (‘people’s pants’), which represent the traditional outlets of female creativity. In The Yellow Wallpaper we are confronted with a myriad of symbols that could be read in numerous ways; the colour of the wallpaper, the pattern and the illusions that the narrator sees within to name a few. The importance of symbolism within both texts lies in their ability to engage directly with the readers’ problem solving skills, which in turn leads to a development of thought concerning the subject of the symbolism. When the symbol is related to female marginalisation the reader is encouraged to view the issue in an abstract fashion (as colour, shape, sound etc), often challenging the assumed opinions of the reader and hopefully (for the author) bringing about a re appraisal of their views. As we can see, there are many different methods within prose narration that can be used in order to bring the issue of female marginalisation to the attention of the reader. The important thing that we can see is that the very act of writing itself is heavily influenced by issues of gender; any text can be discussed with gender on the agenda, even if the subject of the text has little or nothing to do with such themes. But both The Color Purple and The Yellow Wallpaper are explicitly about these gender issues, and both authors have addressed their subjects using innovative and subversive narrative methods, so that the reader becomes aware of the difficulties women have had in expressing themselves and their female perspective when bound to a patriarchal society.BibliographyGoodman, Lizbeth. Literature and Gender (1996) The Open UniversityGilman, Charlotte Perkins. The Yellow Wallpaper (1892) The Open UniversityWalker, Alice. The Color Purple (1983) Penguin Classics